Rising temperatures trigger surge in heat stroke cases across Karnataka

Bengaluru, May 5: With temperatures steadily rising across various parts of the state, doctors and public health experts have warned of an increase in heat wave-related health issues among the public.

Although sudden rainfall in some places has provided temporary relief, overall temperatures have not reduced significantly. As a result, hospitals are witnessing a growing number of patients admitted with dehydration, headache, dizziness, vomiting, fatigue, and heat stroke-related complications.

According to doctors, heat stroke-related illnesses often begin gradually and can progress to severe stages. Initial symptoms include headache, joint pain, weakness, discomfort, anxiety, and dizziness. If these symptoms are ignored, body temperature can rise beyond 40 degrees Celsius, affecting the brain and leading to a life-threatening emergency.

Experts stated that when body heat increases, it first impacts the brain, causing confusion, discomfort, slurred speech, weakness, and disorientation. In severe cases, it may even lead to coma. Doctors also warned that this condition can put additional strain on the heart and kidneys.

Dr Ashwin Kulkarni from a private hospital noted that hospitals in several parts of the state are already reporting a rise in patients with symptoms such as dehydration, severe headache, dizziness, vomiting, and weakness.

Children are at higher risk as they are more prone to dehydration and may not immediately recognize thirst, leading to worsening conditions. Body pain, fatigue, and headache are among the early symptoms in children. Parents have been advised to ensure children do not play outdoors during the harsh afternoon heat and to keep them well hydrated with water, buttermilk, tender coconut water, and fruit juices throughout the day.

Elderly individuals and pregnant women are also at greater risk, as they tend to lose body fluids more quickly and have a lower tolerance to heat. Existing health conditions can further aggravate the impact of high temperatures.

Outdoor workers such as construction labourers, street vendors, agricultural workers, and delivery personnel are among the most vulnerable groups. They often do not have the option to avoid working under the harsh afternoon sun. Although the government advised providing drinking water, shade, and rest facilities, reports indicate these guidelines are not being implemented effectively.

Experts point out that many workers are exposed to intense heat for 6 to 7 hours a day without adequate shade, rest, or health protection. This has emerged as a major concern, as heat stroke cases often go unreported, making it difficult to assess the true impact on outdoor workers. Heatwatch founder Apekshita Varshney highlighted the need to recognize heat exposure as an occupational health risk and called for legal measures to ensure mandatory provision of water, shade, and rest facilities for all categories of workers.

Additionally, there has been a rise in food- and water-borne diseases, including gastroenteritis, due to rapid food spoilage in high temperatures and lack of access to clean drinking water. This is particularly affecting children and the elderly.

Experts have advised the public to drink sufficient water throughout the day, avoid exposure to intense heat between 11 am and 3 pm, wear light-coloured and loose-fitting clothing, consume buttermilk, tender coconut water, and fruit juices, and ensure that those working outdoors take regular breaks.